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2.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 70(2): 159-164, Mar.-Apr. 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137165

ABSTRACT

Abstract Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many questions have come up regarding safe anesthesia management of patients with the disease. Regional anesthesia, whether peripheral nerve or neuraxial, is a safe alternative for managing patients with COVID-19, by choosing modalities that mitigate pulmonary function involvement. Adopting regional anesthesia mitigates adverse effects in the post-operative period and provides safety to patients and teams, as long as there is compliance with individual protection and interpersonal transmission care measures. Respecting contra-indications and judicial use of safety techniques and norms are essential. The present manuscript aims to review the evidence available on regional anesthesia for patients with COVID-19 and offer practical recommendations for safe and efficient performance.


Resumo Desde o início da pandemia de COVID-19, muitas questões surgiram referentes à segurança do manejo anestésico de pacientes acometidos pela doença. A anestesia regional, seja esta periférica ou neuroaxial, é alternativa segura no manejo do paciente COVID-19, desde que o emprego de modalidades que minimizam o comprometimento da função pulmonar seja escolhido. A adoção dessa técnica anestésica minimiza os efeitos adversos no pós-operatório e oferece segurança para o paciente e equipe, desde que sejam respeitados os cuidados com proteção individual e de contágio interpessoal. Respeito às contraindicações e emprego criterioso das técnicas e normas de segurança são fundamentais. Este manuscrito tem por objetivo revisar as evidências disponíveis sobre anestesia regional em pacientes com COVID-19 e oferecer recomendações práticas para sua realização segura e eficiente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Anesthesia, Conduction/methods , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Postoperative Period , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Anesthesia, Conduction/adverse effects , Anesthesia, Local/adverse effects
3.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 69(6): 569-579, nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057481

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Perioperative management of femoral fractures in elderly patients has been studied to determine modifiable causes of complications and death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mortality rate and its causes in the elderly population with FF. We also evaluated perioperative complications and their association with postoperative mortality. Method: In this prospective and observational study, we evaluated 182 patients, by questionnaire and electronic medical record, from the moment of hospitalization to one year after surgery. Statistical analyzes using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curves were performed to detect independent mortality factors. Results: Fifty-six patients (30.8%) died within one year after surgery, and the main cause of death was infection followed by septic shock. The main complication, both preoperatively and postoperatively, was hydroelectrolytic disorder. For every one-unit (one-year) increase in age, the odds ratio for death increased by 4%. With each new preoperative complication, the odds ratio for death increased by 28%. Patients ASA III or IV had a 95% higher odds ratio for death than patients ASA I or II. Conclusions: Increasing age and number of preoperative complications, in addition to ASA classification III or IV, were independent factors of increased risk of death in the population studied. The mortality rate was 30.8%, and infection followed by septic shock was the leading cause of death.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: O manejo perioperatório das fraturas de fêmur em pacientes idosos tem sido estudado com o intuito de determinar causas modificáveis de complicações e óbito. Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar taxa de mortalidade e suas causas na população idosa com fraturas de fêmur. Avaliamos também complicações perioperatórias e sua associação com mortalidade pós-operatória. Método: Neste estudo prospectivo e observacional, avaliamos 182 pacientes, por questionário e prontuário eletrônico, desde o momento da internação até um ano após a cirurgia. Análises estatísticas pelo modelo multivariado de riscos proporcionais de Cox e curvas de Kaplan-Meier foram feitas para detectar fatores independentes de mortalidade. Resultados: Cinquenta e seis pacientes (30,8%) obituaram em até um ano de pós-operatório, sendo que a principal causa determinada de óbito foi infecção seguida de choque séptico. A principal complicação, tanto pré quanto pós-operatória, foi distúrbio hidroeletrolítico. Para cada aumento de uma unidade (em ano) na idade, a razão de chance de vir a óbito aumentou em 4%. A cada nova complicação pré-operatória apresentada, a razão de chance de óbito aumentou em 28%. Os pacientes ASA III ou IV apresentaram razão de chance de óbito, em um ano, 95% maior do que aqueles ASA I ou II. Conclusões: O aumento da idade e do número de complicações pré-operatórias, além da classificação de ASA III ou IV, foram fatores independentes de risco aumentado de óbito na população estudada. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 30,8%, sendo que a infecção seguida de choque séptico foi a principal causa determinada de óbito.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Perioperative Care/methods , Femoral Fractures/surgery , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Hospital Mortality
4.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 69(2): 184-196, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003407

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The importance and benefits of breastfeeding for the babies and mothers are well established and documented in the literature. However, it is frequent that lactating mothers need to undergo general or spinal anesthesia and, due to the lack of information, many of them interrupt breastfeeding after anesthesia. There are limited data available regarding anesthetics transfer to breast milk. This review aims to develop some considerations and recommendations based on available literature. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted by using the following health science databases: Embase, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The latest literature search was performed on April 6th, 2018. Additional literature search was made via the World Health Organization's website. We used the following terms for the search strategy: "Anesthesia" and "Breastfeeding", and their derivatives. Results: In this research, 599 registers were found, and 549 had been excluded by different reasons. Fifty manuscripts have been included, with different designs of studies: prospective trials, retrospective observational studies, reviews, case reports, randomized clinical trials, case-control, and website access. Small concentrations of the most anesthetic agents, are transferred to the breast milk; however, their administration seem to be safe for lactating mothers when administered as a single dose during anesthesia and this should not contraindicate the breastfeeding. On the other hand, high-doses, continuous or repeated administration of drugs increase the risk of adverse effects on neonates, and should be avoided. Few drugs, such as diazepam and meperidine, produce adverse effects on breastfed babies even in single doses. Dexmedetomidine seems to be safe if breastfeeding starts 24 h after discontinuation of the drug. Conclusions: Most of the anesthetic drugs are safe for nursing mothers and offer low risk to the breastfed neonates when administered in single-dose. However, high-dose and repeated administration of drugs significantly increase the risk of adverse effects on neonates. Moreover, diazepam and meperidine should be avoided in nursing women. Finally, anesthesiologists and pediatricians should consider individual risk/benefit, with special attention to premature neonates or babies with concurrent diseases since they are more susceptible to adverse effects.


Resumo Introdução: A importância e os benefícios do aleitamento materno para os bebês e para as mães estão bem estabelecidos e documentados na literatura. No entanto, é frequente que mães lactantes precisem se submeter à anestesia geral ou raquianestesia e, devido à falta de informações, muitas delas interrompem a amamentação após a anestesia. Existem poucos dados disponíveis sobre a transferência de anestésicos para o leite materno. O objetivo desta revisão foi desenvolver algumas considerações e recomendações com base na literatura disponível. Métodos: Uma busca sistemática da literatura realizada usando com os seguintes bancos de dados em ciências da saúde: Embase, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science. A pesquisa bibliográfica mais recente foi realizada em 6 de abril de 2018. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica adicional foi realizada através do site da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Usamos os seguintes termos para a estratégia de busca: "Anestesia" e "Aleitamento materno" e seus derivados. Resultados: Nesta pesquisa, 599 registros foram encontrados e 549 foram excluídos por diferentes razões. Foram incluídos 50 manuscritos, com diferentes modelos de estudo: estudos prospectivos, estudos observacionais retrospectivos, revisões, relatos de casos, ensaios clínicos randômicos, caso-controle e acesso a sites. Pequenas concentrações da maioria dos agentes anestésicos são transferidas para o leite materno; entretanto, sua administração parece ser segura para mães lactantes quando administrados em dose única durante a anestesia e isso não deve contraindicar o aleitamento materno. Por outro lado, altas doses, administração contínua ou repetida dos fármacos aumentam o risco de efeitos adversos em neonatos e devem ser evitados. Poucas drogas, como diazepam e meperidina, produzem efeitos adversos em bebês amamentados, mesmo quando administradas em doses únicas. Dexmedetomidina parece ser segura se a amamentação começar 24 horas após a interrupção do medicamento. Conclusões: A maioria dos anestésicos é segura para mães que amamentam e oferecem baixo risco para os recém-nascidos amamentados quando a administração é em dose única. No entanto, altas doses e repetidas administrações de drogas aumentam significativamente o risco de efeitos adversos em recém-nascidos. Além disso, diazepam e meperidina devem ser evitados em mulheres que amamentam. Finalmente, anestesiologistas e pediatras devem considerar o risco-benefício individual, com atenção especial para os recém-nascidos prematuros ou bebês com doenças concomitantes, pois são mais suscetíveis a efeitos adversos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Breast Feeding/methods , Anesthesia/methods , Milk, Human/metabolism , Time Factors , Lactation/psychology , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Anesthesia/adverse effects , Anesthetics/administration & dosage , Anesthetics/adverse effects
5.
Rev. polis psique ; 8(2): 118-139, maio-ago. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1058799

ABSTRACT

O artigo traz reflexões sobre o cerceamento de escolhas tanto em instituições educacionais quanto em territórios populares que possuem conflitos armados, questionando o papel da psicologia em orientar, indicar, direcionar vocações sem se questionar ética e politicamente sobre as implicações dessas intervenções. Aposta-se em outra forma de trabalho, designada Análise do Vocacional, com uma possibilidade preocupada com questões contemporâneas como o território trabalhado, os jovens encontrados no grupo, o cenário político-econômico do país. O resultado aparece a partir da compreensão dos critérios elencados na tomada de decisões e do exercício crítico da participação política na sociedade, visando um processo de protagonização e emancipação dos alunos enquanto cidadãos criadores, recriadores e pertencentes a um território de uma singular diversidade como o Complexo da Maré. (AU)


The article reflects on the restriction of choices in educational institutions as well as in popular territories that have armed conflicts, questioning the function of psychology in orienting, indicating, directing vocations without questioning ethically and politically about the implications of these interventions. It is put in another form of work, called Vocational Analysis, with a possibility concerned with contemporary issues such as the territory worked, the young people found in the group, the political-economic scenario of the country. The result appears from the awareness of the criteria listed in the decision making process and the critical exercise of political participation in society, aiming at a process of protagonization and emancipation of the students as creative citizens, re-creators and belonging to a territory of a singular diversity as the Maré's Complex. (AU)


El artículo reflexiona sobre la restricción de opciones tanto em las instituciones educativas y en las zonas populares que tienen los conflictos armados, custionando el papel de la psicología en la orientación, indicar profesiones directas sin cuestionar ética y políticamente sobre la simplicaciones de estas intervenciones. Apuesta em otra forma de trabajo, designado Análisis de el Llamado Professional, conlaposibilidad de que se trate conlos problemas contemporáneos tales como territorio trabajaba, los niños en el grupo, el escenario político-economico del país. El resultado aparece em la conciencia de los criterios enumerados en la toma de decisiones y el ejercicio crítico de la participación política en la sociedad a un proceso de protagonismo y la autonomía de los estudiantes como ciudadanos, creadores y recreadores de pertenencia a un territorio de una diversidad natural como el Complexo de la Maré. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Students , Vocational Guidance , Career Choice , Poverty Areas , Education, Primary and Secondary
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 51(1): e6258, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889008

ABSTRACT

The pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on cardiopulmonary function and inflammation are unclear. We developed an experimental model of homologous 14-days stored RBC transfusion in hypovolemic swine to evaluate the short-term effects of transfusion on cardiopulmonary system and inflammation. Sixteen healthy male anesthetized swine (68±3.3 kg) were submitted to controlled hemorrhage (25% of blood volume). Two units of non-filtered RBC from each animal were stored under blood bank conditions for 14 days. After 30 min of hypovolemia, the control group (n=8) received an infusion of lactated Ringer's solution (three times the removed volume). The transfusion group (n=8) received two units of homologous 14-days stored RBC and lactated Ringer's solution in a volume that was three times the difference between blood removed and blood transfusion infused. Both groups were followed up for 6 h after resuscitation with collection of hemodynamic and respiratory data. Cytokines and RNA expression were measured in plasma and lung tissue. Stored RBC transfusion significantly increased mixed oxygen venous saturation and arterial oxygen content. Transfusion was not associated with alterations on pulmonary function. Pulmonary concentrations of cytokines were not different between groups. Gene expression for lung cytokines demonstrated a 2-fold increase in mRNA level for inducible nitric oxide synthase and a 0.5-fold decrease in mRNA content for IL-21 in the transfused group. Thus, stored homologous RBC transfusion in a hypovolemia model improved cardiovascular parameters but did not induce significant effects on microcirculation, pulmonary inflammation and respiratory function up to 6 h after transfusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena , Blood Preservation/methods , Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena , Erythrocyte Transfusion/methods , Hypovolemia/therapy , Swine , Blood Preservation/adverse effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Cytokines/blood , Treatment Outcome , Erythrocyte Transfusion/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal , Hemodynamics
7.
J. appl. oral sci ; 26: e20170270, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-893712

ABSTRACT

Abstract Although resin composites are widely used in the clinical practice, the development of recurrent caries at composite-tooth interface still remains as one of the principal shortcomings to be overcome in this field. Objectives To evaluate the activity against S. mutans biofilm of model resin composites incorporating different concentrations of ZnO-nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) and characterize their physicochemical properties. Materials and Methods Different concentrations of ZnO-NP (wt.%): E1=0, E2=0.5, E3=1, E4=2, E5=5 and E6=10 were incorporated into a model resin composite consisting of Bis-GMA-TEGDMA and barium borosilicate particles. The activity against S. mutans biofilm was evaluated by metabolic activity and lactic acid production. The following physicochemical properties were characterized: degree of conversion (DC%), flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus (EM), hardness (KHN), water sorption (Wsp), water solubility (Wsl) and translucency (TP). Results E3, E4, E5 and E6 decreased the biofilm metabolic activity and E5 and E6 decreased the lactic acid production (p<0.05). E6 presented the lowest DC% (p<0.05). No significant difference in FS and EM was found for all resin composites (p>0.05). E5 and E6 presented the lowest values of KHN (p<0.05). E6 presented a higher Wsp than E1 (p<0.05) and the highest Wsl (p<0.05). The translucency significantly decreased as the ZnO- NP concentration increased (p<0.05). Conclusions The incorporation of 2 - 5 wt.% of ZnO-NP could endow antibacterial activity to resin composites, without jeopardizing their physicochemical properties.


Subject(s)
Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Zinc Oxide/pharmacology , Zinc Oxide/chemistry , Composite Resins/pharmacology , Composite Resins/chemistry , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology , Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry , Polymethacrylic Acids/pharmacology , Polymethacrylic Acids/chemistry , Reference Values , Solubility , Streptococcus mutans/growth & development , Surface Properties , Materials Testing , Water/chemistry , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Linear Models , Reproducibility of Results , Analysis of Variance , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate/pharmacology , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate/chemistry , Silicates/pharmacology , Silicates/chemistry , Barium Compounds/pharmacology , Barium Compounds/chemistry , Pliability , Biofilms/growth & development , Biofilms/drug effects , Elastic Modulus , Hardness Tests
8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(5): 1145-1151, set.-out. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-877304

ABSTRACT

As neoplasias ovarianas em gatas são raras e, quando relatadas, estão associadas a animais senis, assim como a piometra de causa não iatrogênica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso de uma gata jovem com neoplasia ovariana, tumor de células da granulosa associado ao complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística/piometra (HECP). O animal foi atendido no setor de Reprodução Animal e Obstetrícia Veterinária (RAOV) de um Hospital Veterinário Escola, com histórico de monta natural recente, anorexia, êmese, polidipsia, poliúria e descarga vaginal purulenta. Ao exame físico, observou-se apatia, mucosas ictéricas, aumento de volume da região abdominal e presença de secreção vaginal purulenta. À ultrassonografia, foi visibilizado conteúdo ecogênico no útero diagnóstico de HECP e estrutura ecogênica na cavidade abdominal, na região ovariana, confirmado pelo exame histopatológico como sendo tumor das células da granulosa. A conduta terapêutica adotada foi a cirurgia de ovariossalpingo-histerectomia (OSH).(AU)


Ovarian neoplasias in cats are rare, and are associated with advanced ages, as well as non-iatrogenic pyometra. The objective of the present study was to report a case of a young cat showing signs of a rare neoplasia, the granulosa-cell tumor, associated with complex cystic endometrial hyperplasia/pyometra (HECP). The animal was attended in the Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Obstetrics sector of a Teaching Veterinary Hospital with a history of natural breeding, anorexia, emesis, polydipsia, polyuria, and purulent vaginal discharge. During clinical examination, apathy, icterus, swelling of the abdomen, and purulent vaginal discharge were observed. On the ultrasonographic exam, an echogenic content inside the uterus was observed, leading to diagnosis of HECP and an echogenic structure in the abdominal cavity, in ovarian region, confirmed by histopathology as being of granulosa cells. The therapeutic conduct adopted was salpingo-oophorectomy and hysterectomy surgery (OSH).(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cats , Endometrial Hyperplasia/veterinary , Granulosa Cell Tumor/veterinary , Pyometra/veterinary , Ovarian Neoplasms/veterinary
9.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(3): 559-569, jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-846888

ABSTRACT

Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is an infectious and contagious disease characterized by ulcerative and proliferative lesions affecting the skin on the bulbs of the heel or the interdigital cleft in dairy cattle, often associated with lameness. Evidences on the etiology of BDD indicate that it is multifactorial, involving environmental factors and multiple bacterial colonization. We isolated and identified microorganisms from BDD biopsy samples obtained from five Holstein Friesian and two Jersey cows by cultivation and molecular identification of bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. We identified six bacterial species: Spirochetes as Treponema pedis and Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii and Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. It was quite surprising to have isolated and identified Leptospira species in three out of seven cultures, from different individual cows and two different farms. The species identified belong to the intermediate pathogenic clade, which is a group found to cause human and animal disease. Our findings indicate the need to further investigate the association of Leptospira of intermediate pathogenicity with BDD lesions and whether its presence would have any veterinary and medical significance both in Leptospirosis and with the pathogenesis of BDD lesions, especially in tropical countries.(AU)


Dermatite digital bovina (DDB) é uma doença infecciosa, contagiosa, caracterizada por lesões ulcerativas e proliferativas da região dos talões e/ou do espaço interdigital, frequentemente associada com claudicação. Evidências indicam que a etiologia da DDB é multifatorial, envolvendo fatores ambientais e colonização polimicrobiana. Relata-se aqui o isolamento e a identificação bacteriana em amostras de biópsias em lesões de DDB, obtidas de cinco vacas da raça Holandesa e duas da raça Jersey, por meio de cultivo e identificação molecular de isolados, com base na análise de sequências de genes 16S rRNA. São identificadas seis espécies bacterianas: as espiroquetas Treponema pedis e Leptospira broomi/L. fainei, L. licerasiae/L. wolffii; Corynebacterium appendicis, Cupriavidus gilardii e Enterococcus casseliflavus/E. gallinarum. O isolamento e a identificação de espécies de Leptospira surpreenderam, destacando-se sua presença em três dos sete cultivos obtidos em diferentes vacas, de duas fazendas distintas. As espécies identificadas pertencem ao grupo tipificado como de patogenicidade intermediária, causador de doenças em animais e no homem. Os resultados apresentados indicam a necessidade de maiores investigações sobre a associação entre Leptospira de patogenicidade intermediária e a patogênese das lesões DDB, investigando-se sua presença e significado nas medicinas veterinária e humana, especialmente em países tropicais.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Digital Dermatitis/microbiology , Leptospira/isolation & purification , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis , Treponema/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
10.
Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 20(1): 56-66, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-843844

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: to determine the incidence of falls among the elderly population of the city of Barbacena in the state of Minas Gerais, together with causal factors, circumstances and major consequences. Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed through questionnaires applied to 206 patients over the age of 60, from November 2014 to February 2015 in the city of Barbacena, in the state of Minas Gerais. Risk factors related to falls were analyzed, as well as the incidence of falls and the consequences for the lives of elderly persons. The existence of a relationship between the reporting of falls and possible risk factors was determined by the Chi-squared and Fischer's exact tests as indicated. Results: an incidence of falls of 36.41% was observed among the elderly, 45.95% of which occurred outside the home. A total of 85.71% of respondents had previously suffered strokes and 39.78% were taking medication. Among elderly persons who have fallen and suffered fractures (18.67%), 50% had suffered strokes, 50% were suffering from chronic kidney disease, and 61.54% could not perform their activities of daily living after the fall. Conclusion: it was concluded that the incidence of falls among the elderly was 36.41%, while the most correlated factors were drug use, stroke victims and people with chronic kidney disease. Among those who suffered fractures, 61.54% failed to perform activities of daily living. Preventing falls is a public health concern, and simple changes can reduce its prevalence. AU


Resumo Objetivo: descrever incidência de quedas em idosos no município de Barbacena, MG, com seus fatores causais, circunstâncias e consequências. Método: estudo de corte transversal, realizado mediante aplicação de questionários em 206 pacientes acima de 60 anos de idade, de novembro 2014 a fevereiro de 2015. Foram analisados fatores de risco, incidência e consequência das quedas na vida dos idosos. Foram construídas distribuições de frequência e calculadas as médias, desvios-padrão e percentagens. A existência de relação entre o relato de quedas e seus possíveis fatores de risco foi determinada por Teste qui-quadrado e exato de Fischer conforme a indicação. Resultados: observou-se a incidência de 36,41% de queda em idoso, sendo que 45,95% ocorreram fora de casa, 85,71% dos pesquisados já haviam sofrido acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) e 39,78% faziam uso de medicamento. Dos idosos que caíram e sofreram fratura (18,67%), 50% já tinham sofrido episódio de AVE e 50% eram portadores de doença renal crônica, sendo que 61,54% deixaram de realizar suas atividades diárias após a queda. Conclusão: a incidência de queda em idosos foi de 36,41%. Os fatores mais correlacionados foram uso de medicamentos, vítimas de AVE, portadores de doença renal crônica e, dos que sofreram fratura, 61,54% deixaram de realizar atividades diárias. Desta forma, a prevenção das quedas é uma preocupação de saúde pública e mudanças relativamente simples podem reduzi-las. AU


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Accidental Falls , Drug Evaluation , Fractures, Bone , Health of the Elderly
11.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 26(supl. 2): 57-61, 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882470

ABSTRACT

A lesão de Morel-Lavallée, descrita inicialmente no século XIX pelo cirurgião francês Victor Auguste François Morel-Lavallée, constitui lesão de partes moles, sobretudo nas áreas que revestem as protuberâncias ósseas. Sua fisiopatologia consiste no deslocamento da pele e do tecido celular subcutâneo sobre a fáscia muscular, provocado por forças tangenciais súbitas e intensas, secundárias a traumatismos. No espaço criado pela avulsão dos tecidos, acumulam-se sangue, linfa e debris gordurosos. O diagnóstico é baseado na história clínica, no exame físico e nos exames de imagem. O tratamento geralmente é conservador e o prognóstico é bom, nas lesões menores. Em casos de lesões extensas podem ocorrer graves complicações. O diagnóstico diferencial inclui bursite, hematoma, abscesso, tumores benignos e neoplasias malignas. O presente relato visa alertar o pediatra sobre a possibilidade diagnóstica de lesão de Morel-Lavallée, garantindo-se sua abordagem precoce e adequada, especialmente quando se considera a prática de esportes cada vez mais comum entre crianças e adolescentes, além do risco da sua ocorrência por traumas associados às atividades lúdicas próprias da faixa etária pediátrica.(AU)


The injury of Morel-Lavallée, first described in the nineteenth century by the French surgeon Victor Auguste François Morel-Lavallée, is a soft tissue injury, particularly in the linimg areas of the bony prominences. The patophysiology consists in the displacement of the skin and the fascia subcutaneous tissue caused by sudden and intense shear forces, secondary to trauma. In the space created by tissue avulsions acumulates blood, lymph and fatty debris. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, physical examination and imaging studies. Treatment is usually conservative and the prognosis is good, in the minor injuries. In cases of extensive lesions the result can be serious complications. The differential diagnosis includes bursitis, hematoma, abscess, benign and malignant neoplasms. This report aims to alert the pediatrician about the diagnostic possibility of Morel-Lavallée lesion nsuring their early and appropriate approach, especially when we consider the practice of sports, increasingly common among children and adolescents, and the risk of their occurrence of traumas associated with own play activities of pediatric patients.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Athletic Injuries , Sports , Soft Tissue Injuries/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Degloving Injuries
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(2): 527-534, Mar-Apr/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-747052

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the inclusion of peeled-mango waste meal as a source of carbohydrate in the protein:carbohydrate ratio (CP:CH) on performance and chemical composition of pacamã (Lophiosilurus alexandri) juveniles. One hundred and fifty fish (11.31±0.96g) were stocked in sixteen 500 L tanks, fed three times daily (10% of live weight), in a system with water recirculation with biofilter. The treatments consisted of four experimental diets with decreasing levels of the ratio between crude protein and carbohydrate (1.40, 0.94, 0.56 and 0.29), with four replications per treatment. At the end of 60 days, we evaluated animal performance (final average weight gain, specific growth rate, total apparent feed intake, carcass yield, survival) and physicochemical composition of the carcass. The protein:carbohydrate ratios affected all performance variables (P<0.05), except for survival (P>0.05). The carcass chemical composition variables were modified, except for mineral matter, pH and moisture. Mango meal can be used at the proportion of up to 15% in the diet for pacamã, establishing a CP:CHO ratio of 1.40 without impairing animal performance and the carcass chemical composition.(AU).


Avaliou-se a inclusão do farelo residual de manga sem casca como fonte de carboidrato na relação proteína:carboidrato (PB:CHO) sobre o desempenho e a composição química da carcaça em juvenis de pacamãs. Foram utilizados 150 peixes (11,31±0,96g) estocados em 16 caixas de 500L, alimentados três vezes ao dia (10% peso vivo), em um sistema de recirculação de água com biofiltro. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro dietas experimentais com níveis decrescentes da relação entre proteína bruta e carboidrato (1,40; 0,94; 0,56 e 0,29), com quatro repetições cada tratamento. Ao final de 60 dias, foram avaliados o desempenho zootécnico (ganho de peso médio final, taxa de crescimento específico, consumo total de ração aparente, conversão alimentar aparente, rendimento de carcaça, sobrevivência) e a composição físico-química da carcaça. As relações de proteína:carboidrato afetaram todas as variáveis de desempenho (P<0,05), com exceção da sobrevivência (P>0,05). Os valores da composição química da carcaça foram alterados, com exceção da matéria mineral, do pH e da umidade. A farinha de manga pode ser utilizada na proporção de até 15% na ração de pacamã, estabelecendo uma relação 1,40 PB:CHO, sem prejudicar o desempenho zootécnico e a composição química da carcaça.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Body Composition , Catfishes/growth & development , Dietary Carbohydrates , Dietary Proteins , Mangifera
13.
Clinics ; 69(6): 378-383, 6/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-712700

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy results in transient oliguria and decreased glomerular filtration and renal blood flow. The presence of oliguria and elevated serum creatinine is suggestive of acute renal injury. Serum cystatin C has been described as a new marker for the detection of this type of injury. In this study, our aim was to compare the glomerular filtration rate estimated using cystatin C levels with the rate estimated using serum creatinine in patients with normal renal function who were undergoing laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: In total, 41 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy or hiatoplasty were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected at three time intervals: first, before intubation (T1); second, 30 minutes after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum (T2); and third, 30 minutes after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum (T3). These blood samples were then analyzed for serum cystatin C, creatinine, and vasopressin. The Larsson formula was used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate based on the serum cystatin C levels, and the Cockcroft-Gault formula was used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate according to the serum creatinine levels. RESULTS: Serum cystatin C levels increased during the study (T1 = T2<T3; p<0.05), whereas serum creatinine levels decreased (T1 = T2>T3; p<0.05). The calculated eGlomerular filtration rate-Larsson decreased, whereas the eGlomerular filtration rate-Cockcroft-Gault increased. There was no correlation between cystatin C and serum creatinine. Additionally, Pearson's analysis showed a better correlation between serum cystatin C and the eGlomerular filtration rate than between serum creatinine and the eGlomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that serum cystatin C is a more sensitive indicator of changes in the glomerular filtration rate than serum creatinine is in patients with normal ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Creatinine/blood , Cystatin C/blood , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Vasopressins/blood , Acute Kidney Injury/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Laparoscopy , Sensitivity and Specificity
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(6): 1665-1672, Dec. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660238

ABSTRACT

Identificou-se o efeito das aflatoxinas (AFs) sobre o gene p53 de frangos de corte, de linhagem comercial, separados em: grupo experimental, tratado (GT) com ração comercial contendo 2,8ppm de AFs totais durante 21 dias consecutivos, e grupo-controle (GC), sem exposição às AFs. Macroscopicamente, as alterações caracterizaram-se por hepatomegalia e aspecto pálido-amarelado com alguns focos hemorrágicos e, histologicamente, por desarranjo trabecular, pleomorfismo hepatocítico com cariomegalia, degeneração vacuolar intracitoplasmática, necrose com infiltração linfocítica e hiperplasia de ductos biliares. A PCR com os primers GSPT53c-1 com base no gene candidato a p53 (GenBank XM_424937.2) gerou um produto de aproximadamente 350 pares de base. O amplicon sequenciado a partir do DNA dos frangos do GT não apresentou mutação ou deleção, assim como padrão de bandas do PCR-RFLP não foi distinto entre ambos os grupos experimentais e a sequência depositada no banco de genes. Os resultados sugerem que não ocorreu transversão devido à exposição às AFs no fragmento amplificado. Conclui-se que a PCR-RFLP e o sequenciamento do produto da PCR não são ferramentas apropriadas para diagnóstico da exposição de frangos às AFs nas condições experimentais empregadas.


To identify the effects of aflatoxins (AFs), Cobb lineage poultry were separated in an experimental group in which they were treated with commercial ration containing 2.8ppm of total AFs during 21 days (TG) and a control group without AFs exposure (CG). In the liver of poultries exposed to AFs, alterations were microscopically observed, which were characterized by hepatomegaly, a pale yellowish aspect with some hemorrhagic spots, and histologically a trabecullar disarranging pleomorphic hepatocytes with cariomegaly, intracytoplasmatic vacuolar degeneration, necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration and hyperplasia of biliary ducts. The PCR with GSPT53c-1 primers based on p53 candidate gen (GenBank XM_424937.2) generated a product of approximately 350 base pairs. The sequenced amplicon obtained from the DNA of treated poultry did not display any mutation or deletion, and the PCR- RFLP bands patterns were also not distinct in both experimental groups. The results indicated that transversion did not occur in the fragment amplified due to AFs exposure. As a consequence of results obtained with p53 gene (NM_205264.1) we concluded that PCR-RFLP and sequencing of PCR product are not appropriate diagnostic tools for the detection of poultry exposure to AFs, at least in the experimental conditions performed.


Subject(s)
Animals , Aflatoxins/adverse effects , Poultry , Animal Feed , Hepatomegaly/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction
15.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(4): 891-898, Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-647690

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever e avaliar a mordedura canina e o atendimento antirrábico humano em Minas Gerais, de 1999 a 2004, correlacionando fontes de informação e áreas de risco predeterminadas para raiva humana transmitida por cão. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo retrospectivo, utilizando-se, de forma adaptada, a análise exploratória de prontuários dos atendimentos da Superintendência de Epidemiologia da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Minas Gerais (339.012 de atendimentos), do Sistema de Informação de Notificação de Agravos, do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares e do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (132.452 fichas). Para a classificação dos agravos, usou-se o Código Internacional de Doenças (10ª revisão). Os dados foram armazenados e analisados com auxílio dos softwares Epi-Info, Tab-Win e Office®. Verificou-se que o tratamento antirrábico humano é excessivo nas áreas de baixo e médio risco para raiva e, ao contrário, reduzido nas áreas de alto risco. O perfil do paciente é estudante masculino, menor de 14 anos, residente em área urbana de baixo risco para raiva humana transmitida por cão, com mordedura única nos membros, provocada por cão sadio e observável. Os sistemas de informação não oferecem a confiabilidade necessária ao médico responsável para a prescrição do tratamento antirrábico adequado. A profilaxia da raiva deve ter um aspecto multicêntrico, com interfaces na atenção tanto à saúde humana quanto à animal, o que não tem ocorrido, propiciando falhas na vigilância e no atendimento do agravo.


The objective of the present paper is describe and evaluate dog bite and some aspects of anti-rabid human care in Minas Gerais during five years, correlating the sources of information and epidemiological risk areas defined for human rabies transmitted by dogs in the State. We performed an observational retrospective study by adapted exploration form analysis, from 1999 to 2004, using databases of Epidemiology of Minas Gerais and National Information Systems of reportable disease, Immunization, Mortality, Hospitalization, International Code of Diseases (10th revision). The areas of risk for human rabies transmitted by dogs were pre determined. The dog bite is still the main complaint that leads to care. The profile of the patient is a male student, under 14 years of age, with a single wound in members, resident in an urban low risk area for human rabies transmitted by dogs, and is healthy and observable. The treatment is excessive in areas of low and medium risk. In high-risk areas, there is a low indication of treatment. Information systems do not offer the reliability required by the doctor responsible for prescribing the appropriate anti-rabies treatment. Rabies prophylaxis should have a multi-centre aspect, with interfaces in attention to health and veterinary, which has not occurred, providing surveillance failures.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Rabies/immunology , Rabies/prevention & control , Rabies/veterinary , Epidemiology/statistics & numerical data , Vaccination Coverage , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data
16.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 58(2): 248-253, mar.-abr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-625065

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether endotracheal tube (ETT) intracuff alkalinized lidocaine was superior to saline in blunting emergence coughing, postoperative sore throat, and hoarseness in smokers. METHODS: In our prospective, double-blind trial, we enrolled 50 smoking patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia including nitrous oxide (N2O). Patients were randomly allocated to receive either ETT intracuff 2% lidocaine plus 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (L group), or ETT intracuff 0.9% saline (S group). The ETT cuff was inflated to achieve a cuff pressure that prevented air leak during positive pressure ventilation. Incidence of emergence coughing, sore throat, and hoarseness were analyzed. The volume of inflation solution, the intracuff pressure, the duration of anesthesia, the time elapsed to extubation after discontinuation of anesthesia, and the volume of the inflation solution and the air withdrawn from the ETT cuff were also recorded. RESULTS: Intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine was superior to saline in blunting emergence coughing (p < 0.001). The incidence of sore throat was significantly lower in the L group at the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) (p = 0.02). However, at 24 hours after extubation, sore throat incidence was similar in both groups (p = 0.07). Incidence of hoarseness was similar in both groups. Intracuff pressure in the saline group increased with time while the intracuff pressure in the lidocaine group remained constant. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine was superior to saline in decreasing the incidence of emergence coughing and sore throat during the postoperative period in smokers.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Smoking , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Anesthesia, General/adverse effects , Cough/etiology , Double-Blind Method , Hoarseness/etiology , Incidence , Postoperative Complications , Pharyngitis/etiology
17.
Botucatu; s.n; 2011. 78 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-673776

ABSTRACT

O pneumoperitônio (PP), utilizado durante laparoscopia, produz oligúria transitória e diminui o ritmo de filtração glomerular (RFG) e o fluxo sanguíneo renal (FSR). O diagnóstico da disfunção renal aguda é rotineiramente baseado na elevação sérica da creatinina (Cr) e/ou na detecção de oligúria. A cistatina C (Cis C) tem sido estudada como um novo marcador de função renal. O objetivo foi avaliar a função renal, por meio da estimativa do RFG baseada nas concentrações sérica de Cr ou Cis C, de pacientes submetidos à videolaparoscopia.foram estudados 41 pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia ou à hiatoplastia pela via laparoscópica. A pressão intra-abdominal (PIA) foi mantida em 15 mm Hg durante a cirurgia. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas para mensuração dos valores séricos de vasopressina, Cr e Cis C antes da anestesia (M1), 30 min após a insuflação do PP (M2) e 30 min após a deflação do PP (M3). Quando a Cr foi utilizada para a estimativa do RFG, esta foi calculada pela fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault (RFG-CG). Quando a Cis C foi utilizada para o mesmo fim, a fórmula empregada foi a de Larsson (RFG-Larsson).os valores de Cis C aumentaram durante o estudo (M1 = M2 < M3; p < 0.05), enquanto os valores de Cr diminuíram nos momentos estudados, provavelmente decorrente da hemodiluição resultante da reposição volêmica durante o procedimento (M1 = M2 > M3; p < 0.05). Consequentemente, o RFG-Larsson (mL.min-1) diminuiu (M1 = 134,5 ± 38,2; M2 = 128,5 ± 33,8; M3 = 121,3 ± 33,7; M1 = M2 > M3) e o RFGCG aumentou durante os momentos estudados (M1 = 132,9 ± 37,9; M2 = 140,7 ± 45,4; M3 = 155,8 ± 57,0; M1 = M2 < M3).


Pneumoperitoneum (PP) used during laparoscopic procedure has been shown to produce transient oliguria and reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF). The diagnostic of acute kidney injury is usually based on either an elevation of serum creatinine (Cr) or the detection of oliguria. A relatively new marker for detecting renal injury is the cystatin C (Cys C). Our goal was to evaluate the renal function through analysis of GFR estimated by concentration of serum Cys C and serum Cr during laparoscopic surgery.we evaluated 41 patients subjected to colecistectomy or hiatoplasty by laparoscopic approach. Intraperitonial pressure during PP was maintained in 15 mm Hg. Blood samples were collected for vasopressin, Cys C, and Cr measurements (before intubation (M1), 30 min after PP (M2), and 30 min after the deflation of PP (M3)). To estimate GFR we used Larsson formula to evaluate Cys C (GFR-Larsson) and Cockcroft-Gault formula to evaluate Cr (GFR-CG).the values of Cys C increased during the study (M1 = M2 < M3; p < 0.05). Cr values decreased during the study probably because the hemodilution effect caused by fluid replacement (M1 = M2 > M3; p < 0.05). Consequently, the GFR-Larsson (ml.min-1) decreased (M1 = 134.5 ± 38.2; M2 = 128.5 ± 33.8; M3 = 121.3 ± 33.7 with M1 = M2 > M3), while GFR-CG increased during the study (M1 = 132.9 ± 37.9; M2 = 140.7 ± 45.4; M3 = 155.8 ± 57.0 with M1 = M2 < M3). Person’s analysis showed better correlation between Cys C values and GFRLarsson (M1 = -0.96; M2 = -0.95; M3 = -0.94) versus Cr values and GFR-CG (M1 = - 0.65; M2 = -0.67; M3 = -0.78).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Creatinine , Cystatins , Hernia, Hiatal/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Kidney/physiopathology
18.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 62(6): 1295-1302, dez. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576024

ABSTRACT

Verificou-se a influência da movimentação de bovinos na configuração de uma estrutura do tipo centro-periferia. Foram aplicadas técnicas das redes sociais - modelo centro/periferia (C/P) contínuo - para inferir sobre a semelhança entre os padrões de movimentação registrados no estudo com uma estrutura C/P perfeita. Os resultados mostram alta correlação, e o poder discriminatório do algoritmo permite identificar a existência de uma estrutura tipo C/P. Este resultado perfila a metodologia proposta como uma ferramenta analítica nos processos de caracterização produtiva e a regionalização de medidas de intervenção sanitária. O trabalho considera a aplicação de conceitos intuitivos sobre a definição de estruturas C/P condizentes com os determinantes de circuitos pecuários.


A degree in which bovine movement patterns configures a core-periphery structure was studied. Social networks analysis was used - a core-periphery (C/P) continuous model - estimating high correlation and an identification of a core with a discrimination power that outline this model as a tool for the characterization of livestock forms of production and regionalization of measures of sanitary intervention in animal health. This work considers an application of intuitive concepts about the definition of C/P structures that are according to the determinants of the livestock market circuits.


Subject(s)
Animals , Behavior, Animal , Cattle/classification , Mass Behavior
19.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 62(5): 1062-1071, out. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570463

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever as análises da série cronológica e determinar a tendência da leishmaniose visceral em humanos e cães para o município de Belo Horizonte, de 1993 a 2007. De 1994, quando surgiram os primeiros casos da doença, até 2007, foram registrados 994 casos humanos autóctones com 116 óbitos. De 1993 a 2007, foram analisadas 1.492.401 amostras de sangue canino com percentual de positividade de 5,9 por cento, utilizando-se os testes de enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) como triagem e de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) como confirmatório. As análises indicaram que a leishmaniose visceral apresentou tendência crescente dos coeficientes de incidência em humanos e de prevalência em cães, e observaram-se arquétipos distintos dessa tendência, retratando o momento histórico de transição endêmica. A leishmaniose visceral em cães não apresentou características de distribuição sazonal, e não foi possível concluir a existência ou não de ciclicidade do fenômeno. A leishmaniose visceral em humanos e cães tem ampla distribuição espacial nas nove regionais administrativas com risco diferenciado de acometimento da doença, apesar da presença das fontes de infecção e dos susceptíveis em todo o município.


The chronological series analysis and the tendencies of both human and canine visceral leishmaniasis were determined in Belo Horizonte city, from 1993 to 2007. From 1994, when the first cases of the disease were reported, until 2007, 994 human cases were recorded, which led to 116 deaths. From 1993 to 2007, 1,492,401 samples of canine blood were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as screening test and by the Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFI) as confirmatory test. The rate of positive results was 5.9 percent. The analyses indicated that the visceral leishmaniasis presents a tendency of increasing the coefficient of incidence in humans and prevalence in dogs and different archetypes of this tendency were observed portraying historical moment of endemic transition. Canine visceral leishmaniasis did not show a seasonal distribution, and it was not possible to determine whether the phenomenon was cyclic or not. Human and canine visceral leishmaniasis showed a broad spatial distribution in the nine administrative sectors with a differentiated risk of illness, in spite of the presence either of the sources of infection or the susceptible individuals in the whole county.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dogs , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Periodicity , Brazil/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission
20.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 62(4): 1002-1006, Aug. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562073

ABSTRACT

The characterization of demographic and epidemiologic aspects of dogs and cats domiciled in households in Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil, is imperative to understand the dynamics of animal populations for the purpose of planning actions in public health and zoonosis control. A total of 840 semi-structured questionnaires were applied. Respondents were randomly selected owners from urban and rural areas. The results revealed 0.22 per capita dog, 0.051 per capita cat, 0.81 dog per house, and 0.19 cat per house. Dogs were present in 51.3% of the properties, distributed as 77.9% in rural and 48.6% in urban areas (47.3% in houses and 16.5% in apartments). The average age was 4.47 years for dogs, with odds male/female of 1.58. For the cats, the average age was 2.9 years and odds male/female of 0.91. The mortality rate before weaning was 13.4% for dogs and 22.8% for cats. The breeding purpose rate was 68.3% of dogs while cats as pets were 99.4%. The main form of animals acquisition was by donation (65.8%) and only 4.14% came from other cities. About the type of feeding, 55.9% of dogs and 46.3% of cats ate manufactured products. Only 29.6% of dogs and 16.5% of cats had some type of veterinary care. The rabies vaccination covers 89.2% and 68.1% of dogs and cats, respectively. Castration or use of contraceptive was found in 18.7% of dogs and 17.9% of cats. These numbers could be used for measures of control in dogs and cats population of the municipality, as well in programs for the control of zoonotic diseases.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Cats , Statistical Data , Dogs , Epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology
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